My question is:
Is there any way to translate python string object into list of nice names, that later I could use for calling glyphs with those names (with CurrentFont()['name'])?

Thanks in advance for your help :)

if I understand it correctly, you wish to convert a unicode string into PostScript names?

if so, try this out:

from fontTools.agl import UV2AGL

myText = "héllø"
myText = myText.decode("utf-8")

f = CurrentFont()

for char in myText:
    uni = ord(char)
    glyphName = UV2AGL.get(uni)
    if glyphName and glyphName in f:
        print f[glyphName]

based on this example

let us know if it works!